Literature review on elevator industry upgrade: integrated development of safety, intelligence, and services

Abstract

This review systematically examines the integrated development and cutting-edge advancements within the elevator industry across three core domains: safety, intelligence, and services. Faced with a Chinese market encompassing over ten million installed elevator units and a structural shift from "incremental expansion" to "stock optimiza-tion," industry upgrade has become an inevitable trend. In the safety do-main, research focuses on proactive technologies such as bio-inspired 3D-printed energy-absorbing materials, Prognostics and Health Management (PHM), and seismic risk analysis. In the realm of intelligence, technologies including agent-based group control scheduling, digital twins, and IoT platforms are driving a fundamental transformation of operation and maintenance models from "passive response" to "active early-warning." Within the service sector, the industrial value chain is extending from manufacturing towards "manufacturing + services," catalyzing new models like full-lifecycle management, ondemand maintenance, and policy-driven regulatory optimization. The review indicates that multidisciplinary crossover and deep industry-academia-research integration are pivotal for steering the elevator industry towards safer, more intelligent, and greener development.