№ 4https://rep.bntu.by/handle/data/773912026-04-26T18:28:45Z2026-04-26T18:28:45ZCity Delivery Routes Planning Based on the Ant Colony AlgorithmOlkhova, M.Roslavtsev, D.Matviichuk, O.Mykhalenko, A.https://rep.bntu.by/handle/data/774292020-08-05T00:27:43Z2020-01-01T00:00:00ZCity Delivery Routes Planning Based on the Ant Colony Algorithm
Olkhova, M.; Roslavtsev, D.; Matviichuk, O.; Mykhalenko, A.
For any company that sells its products in the networks of city stores, the urgent issue is the optimal delivery of their goods. During routing it is necessary to take into account many restrictions caused by specific conditions of transportation process in the city: number of cargoes, nature of cargoes, delivery time, structure of fleet and its presence, work time of enterprises for load matching, drivers’ working hours, loading capacity, road congestion etc. These days, the process of efficient manual routing is difficult because of many restrictions and delivery points wherein it is almost impossible to take into account the road congestion for specific routes. Today's companies are increasingly interested in outsourcing. One of the options for routes planning for enterprises is to use special software products that allow to plan optimal routes according to the chosen criteria and under specific conditions. The process of formation of routes using the Ant Logistics service, based on the Ant Colony optimization algorithm are analysed in the paper. Comparing the two options of forming routes to serve one of the largest retail chains in Kharkiv with the application of Ant Logistics service, it has been elucidated that the application of Ant Colony algorithm is more optimal than the Clarke-Wright algorithm based on delivery routes indicators.
2020-01-01T00:00:00ZAnalysis of the Problem of Electric Buses Charging in Urban TransportCzerepicki, A.Choromanski, W.Kozlowski, M.Kazinski, A.https://rep.bntu.by/handle/data/774272020-08-05T00:27:17Z2020-01-01T00:00:00ZAnalysis of the Problem of Electric Buses Charging in Urban Transport
Czerepicki, A.; Choromanski, W.; Kozlowski, M.; Kazinski, A.
The electric bus is an ecological means of transport. Its operation reduces the negative impact on the environment. The transition to electric urban transport is in line with the concept of sustainable development of the European Union and the Polish “Act on Electromobility and Alternative Fuels”. Today, on the streets of Polish cities, electric buses are increasingly replacing diesel-powered vehicles. The electrification of the bus fleet requires the establishment of an appropriate infrastructure for charging vehicle batteries. Electric chargers are placed at the end stops of the communication lines. When the bus stops at the end of the route, it is possible to partially recharge the energy consumed. The amount of recharged energy depends on many factors, such as the power of the charger, bus stop time, possible waiting time for a free charger, etc. In the event of incomplete replenishment of the consumed energy, the completion of subsequent courses may be endangered. The article proposes an approach to the analysis of the process of charging electric buses at the end stops of the route, taking into account the characteristics of the vehicle battery, the intensity of vehicle traffic, the characteristics of stationary chargers and its quantity. The proposed approach uses queue theory to describe the process of bus charging. The result of the research is the estimation of the use of the chargers in different configurations and the estimation of the state of charge of the bus battery for selected timetables.
2020-01-01T00:00:00ZKnock Reduction Measures in the Gas Fuelled Internal Combustion EngineSzwaja, S.https://rep.bntu.by/handle/data/774262020-08-05T00:27:52Z2020-01-01T00:00:00ZKnock Reduction Measures in the Gas Fuelled Internal Combustion Engine
Szwaja, S.
Studies on the influence of applying various technologies for combustion knock reduction have been presented in the paper. Among others, investigation concerning the following: overexpanded cycle, variable valve timing, internal and exhaust gas recirculation, leaning the combustible mixture and cooling the incylinder charge were of the interest. The research works were focused on impact of these technologies on both knock intensity reduction, and engine performance and toxic emissions. Results presented in the paper were coming from experimental investigation based on incylinder combustion pressure data acquisition. Additionally, knock intensity calculation methods were discussed. They are based on incylinder combustion pressure pulsations. Combustion knock intensity expressed by the maximum peak of the in cylinder pressure pulsations shows a strong negative correlation with both the EGR ratio and relative equivalence ratio – lambda. With respect to a catalytic converter installed on the exhaust pipe line, applying EGR appears as better solution for knock reduction then leaning the combustible mixture because the catalytic converter needs stoichiometric mixture for effective NOx reduction. Furthermore, application of the overexpanded cycle to the hydrogen or coke gas fueled IC engine significantly reduces intensity of potential knock by 50 % in comparison to Otto cycle for all loads. Additionally, overexpanded cycle contributes to increase in engine thermal efficiency. Summing up, all the presented measures and technologies can be successfully implemented into practice in stationary engines as well as in traction engines, both of them working on either natural gas or gaseous renewable fuels.
2020-01-01T00:00:00ZАдаптивный задний комбинированный фонарь транспортного средства с несменными источниками светаСернов, С. П.Балохонов, Д. В.Колонтаева, Т. В.Исаев, А. В.https://rep.bntu.by/handle/data/774252020-08-05T00:28:03Z2020-01-01T00:00:00ZАдаптивный задний комбинированный фонарь транспортного средства с несменными источниками света
Сернов, С. П.; Балохонов, Д. В.; Колонтаева, Т. В.; Исаев, А. В.
В настоящее время из-за возрастания средней скорости движения транспортных средств для обеспечения их заметности сила света их светотехнического оборудования постоянно увеличивается, что может привести к ослеплению остальных участников дорожного движения, особенно в темное время суток. Однако если не увеличивать силу света фонарей, то транспортное средство не будет заметно в сложных дорожных условиях (туман, осадки, пыль), что приведет к аварии. Для устранения этого противоречия разработана принципиально новая модульная конструкция адаптивного заднего комбинированного фонаря транспортного средства с несменными источниками света на основе единичных мощных светодиодов и эффективной вторичной оптики большого диаметра. Конструкция предусматривает использование встроенного микроконтроллера для управления силой света своих огней в зависимости от условий внешней освещенности, динамики торможения автомобиля и состояния поверхности рассеивателя фонаря с возможностью передачи данных по CAN-шине. Благодаря встроенному микроконтроллеру разработанный фонарь пригоден для установки на транспортные средства без бортового компьютера. Это позволяет обеспечить заметность транспортного средства и избежать ослепления остальных участников дорожного движения. Конструкция адаптивного фонаря отличается малой толщиной (до 40 мм), высокой световой эффективностью (не менее 85 %) и надежностью. Проведенные светотехнические испытания показали, что он полностью соответствует Правилам ООН № 6, 7, 23, 38, 48. Проведено сравнение конструкции с имеющимися аналогами иностранного производства, которое показало, что разработанный фонарь потребляет меньше энергии (на 30 %) и имеет меньшую вероятность отказа за счет использования мощных светодиодов в качестве источника света.
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