Технология предпосевной обработки семян электромагнитным полем сверхвысокочастотного диапазона

Abstract

Usage of microwave technologies in agriculture is of great scientific interest, and it is also a practical issue that might have an important economic value. It is experimentally proved that biological objects specifically react to electromagnetic fields so that such reactions might take place on different structural levels. The biophysical methods such as EM field exposure are safer and perspective ones for doing pre-sowing seed treatment. The usage of EM field frequency of which is close to the seed's resonance frequency (i.e., the seed's length is about of the wavelength) results in transformation of periodic oscillation of the outer field to the natural oscillations of the protein molecules. It is so, because the cell membrane itself is a kind of dielectric ring resonator with certain specific resonant characteristics depending on sort of seed. This allows using EM fields for accelerating the biochemical reactions by affecting the enzymatic activity of seeds. Found that the "well-being" of seeds is getting better mainly after exposure of EM fields having certain specific forms of spatial distributions, and depends significantly on its frequency, power, and exposure time. The values of these critical parameters for each seed culture are calculated first and then adjusted experimentally. In practice, taking into account that pre-sowing treatment may take place with the seeds of the culture that was harvested in certain specific (and often unknown) conditions, it is better to do such a "fine adjustment" simply using a frequency sweep generator.